In this article, we explore the common issue of Windows 11 File History not working, a problem that can leave many users without backups of their important files. This article explains the reasons behind this failure, offers multiple step-by-step solutions to fix the problem.
File History is one of the most effective backup tools integrated into Windows 11, designed to safeguard user data by creating automatic copies of files at set intervals. However, encountering the problem of Windows 11 File History not working can cause major concern. Without it, you risk losing critical documents, photos, and more. This article dives deep into the reasons behind File History failures and outlines several comprehensive solutions.
File History was first introduced in Windows 8, and inherited in Windows 10. It allows you to backup specific folders to another drive automatically, which is a convenient option for continuous data protection.
Luckily, File History is still included in Windows 11 and the operation hasn’t changed much. But there's one thing worth noting - compared to Windows 10, it's not allowed to add or select non-preset folders for backup anymore. Some believe this is to promote the OneDrive backup feature.
In this article, I will introduce how to backup folders using File History in Windows 11, how to troubleshoot some common problems, and what to do if you want to add specific folders.
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If your Windows 11 File History is not working, it can be due to multiple reasons:
If you are still unfamiliar with the interface of the new OS and are not quite sure how to enable and disable File History in Windows 11, then you can refer to the following information.
In Windows 11, you can find all available backup tools in Settings > System > Storage > Advanced storage settings > Backup options. File History is also listed here.
Same as Windows 10, you can Add a drive as backup destination and then toggle on Automatically backup my files to enjoy the service. You can also toggle it off easily when you no longer need it.
But to facilitate advanced settings, it’s more recommended to launch it through Control Pane > Large icons/small icons > File History. Alternatively, you could directly search for it in the Windows search bar.
In this pop-up window, you can click Select Drive on the left pane to add a target device. If you want to auto-backup files to the network drive, it also allows you to add a network location.
Click Turn on to enable it. You can also turn it off at any time.
There’s an “Event logs” section in the Advanced Settings tab of File History. You can click on “Open File History event logs to view recent events or errors”. It will show you details about what happened in File History.
It is also a good idea to check your destination drive from time to time, to see if all the libraries you have selected are backed up as expected. Because there is a possibility that File History not backing up all files.
The most criticized point of Windows 11 File History is that you can't select the folders you want to backup like in Windows 10, because Microsoft removed the Add Folder option. All you can do is exclude the ones you don't want to back up from the preset folders.
This means if you want to back up other folders, you either need to use another backup tool (like AOMEI Backupper) or move them to the preset folders first.
It’s clear that you cannot add directories from the UI as in Windows 10. If you want to schedule backup of selected folders with equally simple operation, it’s recommended to use automatic backup software. But if you don't want to give up on File History, you can try editing the config file to add new directories.
I will quote the solution provided by Reddit:
...you can manually add additional folders for Windows File History in the XML config file. For me, the file was Config1.xml in the Configuration folder on the destination drive. I really wish they would add the "Backup Options" back in Win 11. Edit: It looks like you can alternatively make the edits to that file under %UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\FileHistory\Configuration\
- jmvannoy
To make it clear, you can manually add any folder in Windows 11 File History by editing the XML file:
Add the specific folder path under the default included folders, and it should work properly.
Windows adds new backup options to new systems from time to time, but rarely optimizes the old backup tools. As a result, some backup errors that occurred in Windows 7, 8 , 10 still exist in the latest OS Windows 11.
Here I listed some common situations where File History not working and their solutions for your reference.
If your Windows 11 File History stopped working and prompts you it doesn’t recognize this drive, or no usable drive was found error, this may be due to inadvertently turning off File History, wrong startup type setting, etc.
Solution 1: Reconnect the target drive, and turn on File History.
Solution 2: Search for “Services” in Windows, and navigate to "File History Service". Right-click it to Start it, and choose Properties to change its "Startup type" into Automatic.
If you receive an error message like: Reconnect your drive. Your File History drive is disconnected. this may be due to connection problems or hard drive errors of the target disk, or you’ve made some changes to the drive after setting it as the backup target.
Solution 1: Reconnect the target device, then navigate to File History, and reselect the drive for backup.
Solution 2: Run “chkdsk.exe /f x:” in Command Prompt to check the hard drive for bad sectors. “x” refers to the drive letter of your target device.
Solution 3: Create a network share and set it as target drive. Details can be found in backup Windows 11 to network.
File History offers the convenience of automatic backups after the initial setup. However, some users encounter issues where it fails to back up all the selected folders. Unfortunately, there isn't an official explanation or guaranteed fix for this problem, although it tends to occur sporadically. One potential cause could be having file names that are too long or directory paths that are excessively deep, which might interfere with the backup process.
Solution 1: You can check the target drive to see if your files that were not backed up match this scenario. If yes, maybe you can simplify the filename or re-arrange the folders and try again.
Solution 2: You can turn File History off and then turn it on to do a forced refresh. If it doesn’t work, delete the backups from the target drive, set up File History again from scratch, and try excluding folders that were already backed up to cloud drive or network locations.
File History could not backup encrypted file system (efs) files. If you receive errors like “File History has found files that are encrypted with Encrypting File System”, what you need to do is to decrypt these files or mapped drives.
Solution:
Find the file or folder in File Explorer, right-click it and choose Properties, tap Advanced… button under General tab, then uncheck the box of Encrypt contents to secure data and click OK.
Also, you can check the Properties of each library and choose to Remove network path in Library locations.
For users who are used to backing up selected folders with File History, the changes in Windows 11 may be frustrating. Therefore I’d like to provide an alternative solution with greater flexibility and simpler operation.
β AOMEI Backupper Standard is a free tool compatible with Windows 11, 10, 8, 7, and others. It allows you to back up individual files, folders, entire partitions, operating systems, or even whole disks. You can also set up scheduled automatic backup on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis for convenience. β If frequent backups are consuming too much space, you can opt for incremental backup, which only save changed files. Additionally, you can reduce backup size by choosing higher compression levels, backing up only used sectors, and automatically splitting large backup files into smaller parts.
You can even set up automatic backup cleanup, or filter out unwanted file types in the source directory if you upgrade to Professional edition.
Download the AOMEI Backupper Standard to have a try!
How to back up selected files/folders in Windows 11:
1. Launch the software, go to Backup tab and choose File Backup.
2. Click Add Folder or Add File to select the data you want to back up in Windows 11 flexibly.
3. Then select a target path. It could be internal/external drive, USB flash drive, network share, NAS or cloud.
4. Click Schedule Backup to enable automatic backup, and click OK to confirm. By default, it will use Incremental Backup to backup only changed files if you set a scheduled task. Then, click Start Backup to execute the task.
π Useful options π
Schedule Backup: Options include daily, weekly, monthly, event triggers and USB plug in. The last 2 are supported by the Pro edition.
Backup Method: You can choose full, incremental or differential. Note differential backup is available in the Pro edition. For differences between them, check content in the incremental or differential backup.
Automatic Backup Cleanup: Auto delete old backups by quantity, time or schedule. Available in Pro edition.
Options: You can comment, set email notification, enable pre/post-command, use intelligent sector backup, change normal compression level to higher, etc.
β Bonus tip β
There is a growing trend to backup files to cloud storage. You can backup files to AOMEI Cloud if you have an AOMEI account. You'll get 1TB free storage for 15 days after you sign up for an AOMEI account.
Q 1: Can I use File History without an external drive?
A 1: Yes, you can back up files to a network drive or another internal drive. However, using an external drive is generally recommended for data safety, especially in the case of system failures.
Q 2: How much space do I need for File History backups?
A 2: This depends on the size of your files and the frequency of backups. File History will retain multiple versions of your files, which can consume significant storage space over time. Make sure to monitor disk space regularly and clear older backups if necessary.
Q 3: How do I reset File History in Windows 11?
A 3: To reset File History, turn it off in Control Panel, delete the backup files from your external drive, and then reconfigure it by turning it back on and setting up the backup locations again.
1. Incremental BackupThis is a type of backup that only copies files that have changed since the last backup. It reduces backup time and storage space.
2. Network Attached Storage (NAS)A NAS is a storage device connected to your network that allows multiple users and devices to access and back up data.
3. System Restore PointA system restore point is a saved state of your computer’s system files and settings. It allows you to revert back to a previous configuration if something goes wrong.
Tip 1: Always use an external drive with ample storage space. File History can generate large amounts of backup data, especially if you have many versions of the same files.
Tip 2: Regularly review your File History settings to ensure that all critical folders are included in the backup. Over time, you may add new folders that require backing up.
Tip 3: Periodically delete older backups to free up space and keep your external drive organized. File History retains multiple versions of the same file, so clearing outdated versions can save significant storage.
If you are bothered by Windows 11 File History not working properly or not being able to select folders, then it is time to try other more convenient file backup tools.
AOMEI Backupper is a simple and reliable choice It contains powerful backup & restore features to suit your different needs and provide you with continuous data protection. As a comprehensive software, it also includes disk cloning features and can be used as a migration tool to transfer Windows 11 from one SSD to another.