How to Write Zeros (0s) to Hard Drive or SSD | Quick & Safe

What does writing zeros to a hard drive mean?

Learn how the hard drive stores and reads files may help you better understand the write zero method.

The hard drive stores data on magnetic, rotating platters within its case. It reads data by detecting magnetic polarities on the platters, which represent binary data: 0s and 1s. This binary system enables the computer to locate and access stored information.

You may wonder how to write zeros to hard drive in Windows 7/8/10/11 in a quick and safe way. To prevent data recovery, you should overwrite the original binary data with zeros, replacing the readable data on the disk. This method, known as write zeros, single overwrite, or zero-fill erase, effectively blocks most hardware-based and all software-based recovery methods.

Why zero fill a hard drive?

This is one of the most common reasons why you need to erase data on the hard drive, it’s to ensure no privacy leakage. Another common reason is you want to upgrade hard drive to larger and use the old one as a second storage device.

Top 4 powerful zero fill hard drive ways on Windows 11/10/8/7

To zero fill hard drive, it’s essential use a proper software, which can ensure all your personal data are securely erased instead of staying on the computer, and can be recovered easily using a specific data recovery software.

Here I will introduce you 4 zero fill hard drive utilities, just choose one of them per your situations.

✿ 1. Full format command: write zeros to the whole disk in Windows Vista and later version, including Windows 7/8/8.1/10/11. 

✿ 2.  “clean all” command in DiskPart: wipe hard drive thoroughly and zero out every sectors with zeros. Note that the “clean” command works as “delete”, which only make data invisible on the current disk.

✿ 3. System repair disc: write zeros to primary drive (usually C: drive) of any Windows computer, or Windows XP and earlier version.

✿ 4. Powerful software AOMEI Backupper Professional: the feature -  Wipe Disk can be used on any system, either data disk or system disk. Also, it still supports Peter Gutmann, fill sectors with random data, DoD 52220.22-M.

Complete Guide: How to write zeros to hard drive in Windows

Here are 4 useful ways to write all zeros to hard drive, but the process cannot be undo and the data stored on the hard drive cannot be recovered. Thus, it’s a wise choice to backup file or backup system in advance.

AOMEI Backupper can help because it’s still a Windows backup software. You can not only use it to do a single backup in case of disaster, but also schedule backup in daily/weekly/monthly mode to continuously protect your data or computer.

Preparation: Backup important files before writing 0s to an HDD or SSD

Step 1. Download and install the backup software AOMEI Backupper on your computer. Launch it, click Backup and File Backup in order.

📕Tip: If the hard drive is a system disk, it’s suggested to do a complete system backup. It includes the operating system, system settings, applications and personal data, which gives a chance to restore system to new hard drive and make your computer bootable again in a very short time.

Step 2. Click Add File or Add Folder to select what you want to backup.

Step 3. Click the folder shaped button and select a destination path to store the image file. You can choose to backup files to external hard drive, USB flash drive, network drive or cloud drive, and so on.

Step 4. In the confirmation windows, set up backup settings as needed and click Start Backup.

📕Tip: It’s suggested to create bootable USB flash drive as well, which can help you boot computer when it refuses to boot.

Method 1: Zero format hard drive with Format

Step 1. Type cmd in the search box, right-click it and select Run as administrator.

Step 2. Type format f: /fs: NTFS /p:2 and hit Enter. This command will format the F drive with the NTFS file system and write all zeros to every sectors of the hard drive twice.

📕Tip: A single passes of zeros to a hard drive in Windows should prevent all-software based file recovery program from extracting information from the drive. To ensure safety, you could choose to do 2 passes via this method.

Step 3. Type the volume label of the drive you are formatting when asked, and press Enter. The volume label is not case sensitive.

📕Tip: If the drive you are formatting does not have a volume label, you will not be asked to enter it. Thus, it’s fine if you do not see this message.

Step 4. Type Y and press Enter when you see this warning, “all data on non-removable disk drive F: will be lost! Proceed with Format(Y/N)?” Then, wait until the process is 100% complete.

📕Tip: This process may not reach 1 percent for several seconds or even several minutes if the drive you are formatting is very large or you format it with several write-zero passes.

Step 5. After formatting , type a name for the drive as volume label, or don’t, and press Enter.

Step 6. Wait until you see Creating file system structures on the command prompt window.

This is an entire process of writing zeros to one partition on the hard drive, to destroy hard disk using cmd, you need to repeat Step 1 - Step 6 until all the partitions on the disk are zeroing out.

Method 2: Zero fill hard drive with the DiskPart

Step 1. Run cmd as administrator. Then, type diskpart in the command prompt window and press Enter to execute.

Step 2. Type list disk and press Enter. Then, you will see all the available disk on your computer.

Step 3. Type select disk 1 and press Enter. Note disk 1 is the number of disk you want to zero out.

Step 4. Type clean all and press Enter.

Step 5. Wait until the process finish and type exit.

Method 3: Write all zeros to hard drive using System Repair Disc

Step 1. Create a system repair disc in Windows and then boot from it. Press a key when you are prompted “Press any key to boot from CD or DVD...”.

Step 2. Wait for the Windows file loading process to complete, you will see System Recovery Options window. Set your preference language and keyboard input, then click Next.

Step 3. Choose Use recovery tools that can help fix problems starting windows. Select an operating system to repair and click Next.

📕Tip: If you are using another operating system like Windows XP, it will not be listed here. You don’t need a compatible operating system on this computer to write zeros to hard drive.

Step 4. Select Command Prompt in the System Recovery Options window.

📕Tip: This is a fully functional command prompt and contains most of the commands you may use, thus you can use the full format command or clean all command.

Step 5. Repeat steps in Method 1 or Method 2 to fill sectors with zeros.

Method 4: Write zeros to hard drive with professional data eraser

Step 1. Launch AOMEI Backupper Professional, go to Tools > Disk Wipe and click it.

Step 2. In the wiping type window, you have two options, one is wipe selected partitions & unallocated space on the disk, the other one is wipe disk. To write all zeros to hard drive, select Wipe disk and click Next.

✍Tips: 
· Selected partitions & unallocated space on the disk: This option is to delete the selected partition(s) or unallocated space.
· Wipe disk: This option will delete all the partitions on the hard drive and fill every sectors with zero, thus you don’t need to wipe partition on the disk one by one.

Step 3. Select the disk you want to wipe and click Next.

Step 4. In the wiping method window, select Fill sectors with zero and click Start.

📕Notes:
❤ This method is applicable to write zeros to USB flash drive.
❤ If you are wiping system disk of the current computer, this software will finish the zero filling process under the windows PE environment. Thus, don’t stop it if your computer restarts.

✍Tips:
❤ If you want to a safer choice, you can chooce the latter three disk wiping methods, such as, Gutmann, fill sectors with random data, DoD 52220.22-M.
❤ If you have any further question, you could click the Help button at the left-bottom corner and learn more about Disk Wipe.

FAQs on writing zeros to a hard drive

1. Does a quick format erase all data?

According to Microsoft, full format was the same as a quick format in the Windows XP or earlier version of Windows, but included a disk scan for bad sectors. Thus, even if your perform a full format in Windows XP and earlier version, the format command does not write zeros to the whole disk. But if you use Windows Vista or newer version, the full format command will write zeros to the whole disk.

2. Does writing zeros to hard drive fix bad sectors?

The zero format method before Windows Vista has the ability to scan the bad sectors, but you probably zero out it.

In Windows Vista and newer version of Windows, the disk scan of bad sectors is replaced by filling sectors with zeros and it will reveal any bad sectors that could not be written to, but not fix it. Thus, this method still does not fix bad sectors in any Windows system.

3. Is zeroing a hard drive secure?

There are different methods in zero fill hard drive utility to wipe disk, such as, Peter Gutmann, fill sectors with random data, DoD 52220.22-M, and Fill sectors with Zero, but the write zeros method is slightly less destructive than others.

Wrapping things up

Whether you want to sell out, discard or donate hard drive to others, you can write zeros to hard drive in Windows 7/8/10/11/XP/Vista easily. Please remember to create a file backup or system backup in advance, because all your data will be deleted and cannot be recovered after disk wipe.

Among the 4 methods, zero fill hard drive utility - AOMEI Backupper Professional can be the easiest one. You don’t need to learn and remember the complicated command line syntax. You are able to delete all partitions once and it supports more wiping methods. In addition, you can use it as continuous data protection to ensure the security of your data